Welcome to Methods 3, Lecture 3

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Methods 3

Gemma
Daniel
Claudia
Manon
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Projections and coordinate systems

to do this, change your project's projection

not sure which projection to use?

search in qgis

consider using projestions

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best for New York area, many city datasets use this

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you will encounter projections in three ways in QGIS:

  1. rendering (making your map look good)
  1. rendering (making your map look good)
  2. assignment (QGIS doesn't know which projection the data should be in)
  1. rendering (making your map look good)
  2. assignment (QGIS doesn't know which projection the data should be in)
  3. overlay (making data line up)

lab

in-class exercises, part 1

shapefiles

shapefiles have some annoying properties

1. column names limited to ten characters

how do you pronounce "C_DIG2DESC"?

2. multiple files make up a shapefile

3. one geometry type per shapefile

despite it all, shapefiles are still by far the most common spatial data format

consider geopackage

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but CSVs are common and handy for point data

these are simply text files

comma separated values

in-class excercise, part 2

Attributes

Selection

thematic maps

thematic maps focus on a theme or subject

vs reference maps

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qualitative vs quantitative

in maps:

in maps:

qualitative → categories

in maps:

qualitative → categories

quantitative → numbers

qualitative thematic maps categorize features' attributes

lab

in-class exercises, part 3

quantitative thematic maps use features' numeric attributes

quantitative thematic maps

aka choropleth maps

choropleth

choro: region

pleth: multitude

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how do you decide which regions are given which styles?

you make up categories for ranges of values

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the Modifiable Areal Unit Problem

the Modifiable Areal Unit Problem

the shapes you use can influence the way your data looks without changing the data

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the gerrymander
MD's 3rd district
PA's 7th district
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2016 presidential election results
2016 presidential election results
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2016 presidential election results
2016 presidential election results
2016 presidential election results
2012 presidential election results

sometimes you need to change the projection of a layer to do calculations

to do this, you must save the layer with the new projection

don't change a layer's projection without saving as a new layer

lab

in-class exercises, part 4